How to Apply for a Shotgun Licence in the UK: A Step-by-Step Guide

Owning a shotgun in the UK is a privilege regulated by strict laws to ensure public safety. Whether you are a seasoned shooter or a newcomer looking to take up clay pigeon shooting or game hunting, obtaining a shotgun licence is the first legal step. This comprehensive guide will take you through the application process, ensuring you have all the necessary information to apply successfully.

Understanding the Legal Framework

The use and ownership of shotguns in the UK are governed by the Firearms Act 1968, along with subsequent amendments. Under this law, you must hold a valid shotgun certificate to possess or purchase a shotgun or its ammunition. Unlike firearm licences, shotgun certificates have slightly different requirements, reflecting the nature and use of shotguns.

Step 1: Determine Your Eligibility

Before you start the application process, it’s essential to ensure you meet the eligibility criteria for a shotgun licence. You must:

1. Be at least 18 years old: While you can use a shotgun under supervision from the age of 15, you must be 18 to apply for your own certificate.
2. Have no criminal convictions: Certain criminal offences may disqualify you from obtaining a licence.
3. Be deemed fit to own a shotgun: This involves proving you are of sound mind and have no history of violence or substance abuse.
4. Provide a secure storage facility: You must have an appropriate gun cabinet or safe that meets the Home Office security guidelines.

Step 2: Obtain the Application Form

The shotgun licence application form, known as Form 201, is available from your local police force’s website. Alternatively, you can request a paper copy from your local firearms licensing department. Ensure you download or request the correct form, as separate forms exist for firearm and shotgun certificates.

Step 3: Prepare Your Documentation

To avoid delays, gather all the necessary documents before filling out the application. You will need:

• Proof of identity: A valid passport or UK driving licence is typically sufficient.
• Photographs: Two recent passport-sized photos signed by a referee.
• Proof of address: Utility bills or bank statements dated within the last three months.
• Details of referees: You must provide the contact information of two referees who can vouch for your character. They should not be family members and must be of good standing within the community, such as a doctor, lawyer, or teacher.
• Details of storage arrangements: You will need to describe and potentially show evidence of your gun cabinet.

Step 4: Complete the Application Form

Fill out Form 201 carefully, ensuring all information is accurate and up-to-date. The form will ask for:

1. Personal details: Full name, date of birth, address history for the past five years, and contact details.
2. Details of intended use: You must state why you need a shotgun, such as for clay pigeon shooting, pest control, or game hunting.
3. Medical history: You must disclose any mental health issues, substance abuse history, or other conditions that may affect your ability to safely own a shotgun.

Be honest and thorough when completing this section. Any discrepancies could result in your application being delayed or denied.

Step 5: Obtain Medical Verification

As part of the application process, you must provide a medical report from your GP. This report should confirm you have no medical conditions that could pose a risk if you were to own a shotgun. Some GP practices charge a fee for this service, so it’s worth enquiring about costs in advance.

Step 6: Submit Your Application

Once you have completed the form and gathered all necessary documents, submit your application to your local firearms licensing department. You can usually do this online, by post, or in person. Include the required fee, which is currently £79.50 for a shotgun certificate as of 2025.

Make sure to keep a copy of your application and any receipts or proof of payment for your records.

Step 7: Prepare for the Home Visit

After submitting your application, a firearms enquiry officer (FEO) will contact you to arrange a home visit. This visit serves several purposes:

• Inspecting your storage: The officer will check that your gun cabinet complies with Home Office guidelines. It should be securely fixed to a solid wall and out of public view.
• Assessing your suitability: The officer may ask questions about your reasons for owning a shotgun and your understanding of safe handling practices.
• Clarifying any details: If there are any discrepancies or missing information in your application, the officer may address them during the visit.

Step 8: Wait for a Decision

Once the home visit is complete, the FEO will submit their report to the licensing department, which will make the final decision. The process can take anywhere from a few weeks to several months, depending on the backlog at your local police force.

If your application is approved, you will receive your shotgun certificate by post. This certificate is valid for five years and must be renewed before it expires.

Step 9: Purchase Your Shotgun

With your shotgun certificate in hand, you can now legally purchase a shotgun and ammunition. Ensure you keep your certificate with you whenever transporting your shotgun, as you may need to present it to law enforcement if asked.

Step 10: Follow the Rules for Shotgun Ownership

Owning a shotgun comes with ongoing responsibilities. To stay compliant with UK law:

1. Store your shotgun securely: Always keep your shotgun in a locked cabinet when not in use.
2. Transport your shotgun safely: Use a case and ensure it is unloaded when transporting it.
3. Renew your certificate on time: Apply for renewal at least eight weeks before your certificate expires to avoid a lapse.
4. Report any changes: Notify your local police if you change your address or if your shotgun is lost, stolen, or decommissioned.

Common Reasons for Application Rejection

To maximise your chances of a successful application, avoid the common pitfalls that lead to rejection:

• Incomplete forms: Double-check your application for errors or missing information.
• Unreliable referees: Choose referees who meet the requirements and are willing to respond promptly to enquiries.
• Inadequate storage: Invest in a quality gun cabinet that meets the necessary standards.
• Undisclosed medical issues: Be transparent about your medical history, as any omissions may raise red flags.

Appeals Process

If your application is rejected, you have the right to appeal. You can do this by submitting a written appeal to your local Crown Court within 21 days of receiving the decision. It is advisable to seek legal advice if you choose to appeal.

Conclusion

Applying for a shotgun licence in the UK is a detailed process that requires careful preparation and adherence to legal requirements. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can navigate the application process with confidence. Remember, owning a shotgun is a serious responsibility, and compliance with the law ensures the safety of yourself and those around you.

For more information, consult your local police force’s firearms licensing department or visit the UK Government’s website.

By understanding the process and preparing thoroughly, you can ensure a smooth application experience. Happy shooting!